Th is textbook briefl y describes the milestones of origin and development of medicine from high antiquity up to the present day in accordance with syllabus for junior students. Th e textbook is the fi rst to present the most important events of the complicated History of Medicine in the Modern Age, i. e. the 20th century, which did not receive comprehensive coverage in earlier textbooks and study guides. The textbook is intended for students of medical institutions of higher education and for medical practitioners interested in history of medicine, as well as for general historians.